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| Registros recuperados: 3.453 | |
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| Sharon M. H. Gobes; Bence P. Ölveczky. |
| Sensory feedback is essential for the acquisition of complex motor behaviors, including birdsong. In zebra finches, auditory feedback is relayed to the descending motor pathway primarily through the nucleus interfacialis nidopalii (NIf). NIf projects to HVC - a premotor region essential for song, which projects to RA, a motor cortex analogue brain area that drives muscle activity required for vocalizations. NIf is also essential for ‘sleep replay’, a recapitulation of song-related neural dynamics in the motor pathway during sleep. Despite being one of the major inputs to the song control pathway, there is no known role for NIf in the production of zebra finch song. To address this, we reversibly inactivated NIf using TTX or Muscimol... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5856/version/1 |
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| Pantelis Topalis; Emmanuel Dialynas; Elvira Mitraka; Elena Deliyanni; Inga Siden-Kiamos; Christos Louis. |
| We are developing a set of ontologies that deal with vector-borne diseases and the arthropod vectors that transmit them. For practical reasons (application priorities), we initiated this project with an ontology of insecticide resistance followed by a series of ontologies that describe malaria as well as physiological processes of mosquitoes that are relevant to, and involved in, disease transmission. These will be expanded to encompass other vector-borne diseases as well as non-mosquito vectors. The aim of the whole undertaking, which is worked out in the frame of the international IDO (Infectious Disease Ontology) project, is to provide the community with a set of ontological tools that can be used both in the development of specific databases and, most... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3464/version/1 |
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| Georgii A. Alexandrov; Georgy S. Golitsyn. |
| Comparison of forest growth curves has led many to the conclusion that there is a similarity between forest stands growing in different conditions. Here we treat the same subject from the viewpoint of similarity theory. Our goal is to form a dimensionless ratio of biophysical entities that could parameterize the diversity of forest growth curves. (Such ratios are called similarity criteria.) Pursuing this goal, we focus on the analogy between tree crown growth and atomic explosion. A blast wave is formed when the rate of energy release is much higher than the rate of energy dissipation. The difference between the rates of energy release and dissipation is the essence of this phenomenon. The essential feature of crown growth is the difference between the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6561/version/1 |
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| Falko Krause; Wolfram Liebermeister. |
| The BioModels database contains biochemical network models in SBML format, in which the biochemical meaning of elements is specified by MIRIAM-compliant RDF annotations. We used these annotations to define a similarity measure for models, scoring the overlap of the biochemical systems described. Based on this score, we used two-way clustering to detect groups of similar models and groups of co-occuring model elements. To recognize and compare biochemical elements, we used routines from the software semanticSBML. A Python script extracts all MIRIAM annotations (regardless of their qualifiers) using the semanticSBML annotation classes. The result is a matrix in which the rows represent the models (e.g. BioModel 001), while the columns represent specific... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3444/version/1 |
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| Spencer D. Heringa; Jonathan D. Monroe; James B. Herrick. |
| We are studying the lateral transfer of transmissible antibiotic resistance plasmids among stream bacteria impacted by fecal runoff from poultry and cattle. Such plasmids are typically large (ca. 40 – 100 kb) and occur in low copy numbers in the cell and have therefore typically been difficult to isolate and therefore to study. Traditional protocols, based upon variations of the standard alkaline-lysis method, are long (ca. 1 1/2 to 2 days) and difficult. Commercial kits designed for the isolation of Baterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) can be used and are an improvement; however, these are expensive and still require hours of sustained effort. We have adapted a method published by Rondon et al. (1999), originally designed for the isolation of... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics & Genomics; Microbiology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1249/version/1 |
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| Florian Hauser; Andreas Knoblauch; Günther Palm. |
| Gamma oscillations are a prominent feature in experimental as well as theoretical descriptions of brain activity. One of the network models which has the capability to generate such oscillations is what we call a local cell assembly (CA), i.e. a group of neighboring neurons which are strongly interconnected in an excitatory manner. Postulated by experimenters and extensively used in theoretical studies, these local networks seem to be a good candidate for investigating the impact of biological constraints given by models of spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) on local gamma oscillating structures in the mammalian brain. Therefore we fitted a two-compartment neuron model with AMPA- and NMDA-receptor mediated synaptic currents to desired... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5802/version/1 |
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| Melissa Amarello; Jeffrey J. Smith. |
| Coloration may serve a variety of behavioral (e.g., crypsis, communication) and physiological (e.g., thermoregulation, protection) functions for terrestrial ectotherms. However, optimal coloration for a given function may vary over environments (spatial or temporal) or conflict with other functions. Physiological color change (rapid change due to movement of pigment granules within chromatophores) may be an adaptation to resolve conflicting selective pressures on coloration. The proximate factors related to physiological color change are well known in many animals, but few studies have investigated the ecological or evolutionary implications of this behavior. Here, we present alternative hypotheses for physiological color change and discuss biotic and... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6711/version/1 |
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| Nigel Wheatley. |
| The conventional definition of amount of substance _n_ is as a quantity proportional to number of entities _N_. This implies that n is discrete for small _N_ while _n_ is considered to be continuous at the macroscopic scale, leading to a sorites paradox. A practical criterion is proposed for distinguishing between amount of substance and number of entities, and the implications for the conventional definition of amount of substance are discussed. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Chemistry. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5568/version/1 |
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| Ingo Ebersberger; Matthias Gube; Sascha Strauss; Anne Kupczok; Martin Eckart; Kerstin Voigt; Erika Kothe; Arndt von Haeseler. |
| Fungi are abundant in the biosphere. They have fascinated mankind as far as written history goes and have considerably influenced our culture. In biotechnology, cell biology, genetics, and life sciences in general fungi constitute relevant model organisms. Once the phylogenetic relationships of fungi are stably resolved individual results from fungal research can be combined into a holistic picture of biology. However, and despite recent progress, the backbone of the fungal phylogeny is not yet fully resolved. Especially the early evolutionary history of fungi and the order or below-order relationships within the ascomycetes remain uncertain. Here we present the first phylogenomic study for a eukaryotic kingdom that merges all publicly available fungal... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2901/version/1 |
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| André Valente; Jorge Sousa; Tiago Outeiro; Lino Ferreira. |
| A transcriptome-wide blood expression dataset of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and controls was analyzed under the hypothesis-rich mathematical framework. The analysis pointed towards differential expression in blood cells in many of the processes known or predicted to be disrupted in PD. We suggest that circulating blood cells in PD patients can be in a full-blown PD-expression state. We put forward the hypothesis that sporadic PD can originate as a case of hematopoietic stem cell/differentiation process expression program defect and suggest this research direction deserves further investigation. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4263/version/1 |
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| André X. C. N. Valente; Jorge Sousa; Tiago Outeiro; Lino Ferreira. |
| A transcriptome-wide blood expression dataset of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and controls was analyzed under the hypothesis-rich mathematical framework. The analysis pointed towards differential expression in blood cells in many of the processes known or predicted to be disrupted in PD. We suggest that circulating blood cells in PD patients can be in a full-blown PD-expression state. We put forward the hypothesis that sporadic PD can originate as a case of hematopoietic stem cell/differentiation process expression program defect and suggest this research direction deserves further investigation. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4263/version/2 |
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| Izhar Hasan. |
| Malnutrition is a problem at varying proportions in developing countries, and anthropometry is a simple tool to assess its magnitude in children. This study was aimed at identifying the prevalence of malnutrition among 500 children of govt schols of Azad Nagar, bangalore south Asia. The value of using various field based formulae and of various anthropometric indicators used for classification of malnutrition was also studied. The study was focused on children aged 8-14 years studying in class 1st to 8th in govt schools. Anthropometric data and eating practices of children were collected with the help of a pretested questionnaire and food intake diary. Selected anthropometric measurements were taken using standard techniques. Their Body Mass Index (B.M.I)... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5009/version/1 |
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| Konstantin Shaitan; Olga V. Levtsova; Vladimir Makarov; Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov. |
| We model mechanism of action of a channel-forming peptide antibiotic, zervamicin IIB, by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Interaction of this peptide with neutral and negatively charged lipid bilayers is investigated. It is found that charge of membrane surface influences the orientation of zervamicin IIB molecule, that may in turn effect its permeation into the membrane. On this basis we propose modifications to ZrvIIB structure that may increase its affinity towards the prokaryotic cellular membrane. Zervamicin IIB transmembrane channels are modeled as bundles consisting of 4, 5 and 6 individual peptide monomers. Our results suggest that four monomers don’t form a stable water-filled ion channel. Thus the channel with the least number of... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3624/version/1 |
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| Duhita Narendra; Saruhashi Satoshi; Hamada Kazuo; Miyata Daisuke; Horiike Tokumasa; Shinozawa Takao. |
| The origin of peroxisomes as having developed from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was proposed on the basis of the similarity between some peroxisomal proteins and ER proteins, and the localization of some peroxisomal proteins on the ER. To study the evolutionary distance between peroxisomes and ER and Prokaryotes, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis of CDC48 (cell division control 48) and its homologs, including ER-localized CDC48, CDC48 homologs in Prokaryotes and peroxisome-localized PEX1 and PEX6. A similarity search analysis of peroxisomal protein sequences to prokaryotic protein sequences using BLAST at several thresholds (E-values) was also done. We propose Actinobacteria symbiosis for the origin of peroxisomes based on the following evidence:... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1866/version/1 |
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| Weiyi Cheng; Dimitris Anastassiou. |
| A recently identified gene expression signature of EMT markers containing the transcription factor Slug was found present in samples from many publicly available cancer gene expression datasets of multiple cancer types except leukemia. We also found many of these genes co-expressed in human cancer xenografted cells, but not in mouse stroma cells, suggesting that the signature is largely produced by cancer cells undergoing some type of EMT. Here we report that a partial signature consisting of a subset of the co-expressed genes of the full signature, including at least Slug (SNAI2), collagens COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, COL6A3 and genes DCN and LUM, is also present in leukemia, in which case it is also strongly associated with the chemokine CXCL12 (aka SDF1).... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6813/version/1 |
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| Li Xie; Nancy Buchmeier; Lei Xie; Philip Bourne. |
| Identification of protein-ligand interaction networks on a proteome scale is crucial to address a wide range of biological problems such as correlating molecular functions to physiological processes and designing safe and efficient therapeutics. We have developed a novel computational strategy to identify ligand binding profiles of proteins across gene families and applied it to predicting protein functions, elucidating molecular mechanisms of drug adverse effects, and repositioning safe pharmaceuticals to treat different diseases. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2207/version/1 |
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| Francesco Mannella; Marco Mirolli; Gianluca Baldassarre. |
| Goal-directed behaviours are defined by the presence of two kinds of effect on instrumental learning. First, degrading the contingencies between produced actions and desired outcomes diminishes the number of instrumental responses; second, devaluing a reward results in a lower production of instrumental actions to obtain it. We present a computational model of the neural processes underlying instrumental devaluation in rats. The model reproduces the interaction between the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) and the limbic, associative and somatosensory striato-cortical loops. Firing-rate units are used to abstract the activity features of neural populations. Learning is reproduced through the use of dopamine-dependent simple and differential hebbian... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5849/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 3.453 | |
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